{"id":16604,"date":"2014-11-21T13:15:53","date_gmt":"2014-11-21T11:15:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/?p=16604"},"modified":"2021-08-05T12:39:45","modified_gmt":"2021-08-05T09:39:45","slug":"ohjeet-opiskeluun-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/2014\/11\/21\/ohjeet-opiskeluun-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Essay topics and literature"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>What is a essay?<\/h2>\n<p>An essay is a short piece of writing on a topic related to the course, where you have selected the approach and for which you have gotten the teacher\u2019s approval. An essay is not a thesis and it does not have to create new knowledge on the topic but show expertise acquired from source literature. However, an essay differs from a summary as the purpose is to produce an independent text on the selected topic based on a number of sources. Your perspective and opinions are valuable but remember to always justify them carefully. The most important characteristic of an essay \u2013 the individual voice \u2013 does not mean free stream of consciousness as it is a scientific text, but a well-reasoned analysis based on source materials and literature and the reflections rising from them.<\/p>\n<p>A good guideline is that you can comment on the literature and have a discussion with it, a kind of a dialogue. An essay shows expertise on the topic and an understanding and command of the source materials.<\/p>\n<p>In evaluation of the essay, attention is paid to how well the topic is narrowed down, command of the course contents, neatness of the layout, grammar, and the outline and structure of the essay. For the evaluation of the contents, it is also considered how well the arguments and interpretations have been justified. <span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Please, read essay instructions carefully before you start writing and also check the format of the essay before returning the essay for evaluation.<\/span> Evaluation scale is Pass\/Fail.<\/p>\n<h2>First essay: What is family?<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/06\/perhe_vuoristo_pixabay.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"incolumn alignnone wp-image-8811 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/06\/perhe_vuoristo_pixabay-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Family in the mountains.\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/06\/perhe_vuoristo_pixabay-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/06\/perhe_vuoristo_pixabay-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/06\/perhe_vuoristo_pixabay-252x168.jpg 252w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/06\/perhe_vuoristo_pixabay-522x348.jpg 522w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/06\/perhe_vuoristo_pixabay-792x528.jpg 792w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2017\/06\/perhe_vuoristo_pixabay.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>In this first essay you will explore different theories and concepts concerning family and the definitions of the family. Based on the literature you draw up the essay in which you examine what is a family, it is defined in different theories and how the different concepts differ from each other for example in areas of different sciences. You should also examine how your own views and assumptions are similar different in relation to the research knowledge. The length of the essay is 7 pages (<span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">the cover, the tables of content and references not includes in this number).<\/span> You should write this essay according to given essay instructions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Literature for essay:<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. <strong>Katherine R. Allen, K. A. &amp; Henderson, A. C.<\/strong> 2017. <a href=\"https:\/\/ebookcentral.proquest.com\/lib\/kutu\/detail.action?pq-origsite=primo&amp;docID=4613270\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Family Theories: Foundations and Applications.<\/a> OR<br \/>\n<strong>Angela Abela and Janet Walker<\/strong>.2014. <a href=\"https:\/\/ebookcentral.proquest.com\/lib\/kutu\/detail.action?docID=1443882&amp;pq-origsite=primo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Contemporary Issues in Family Studies: Global Perspectives on Partnerships, Parenting and Support in a Changing World.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>2. <strong>Sihvonen, E.<\/strong> 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/helda.helsinki.fi\/handle\/10138\/311925\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">From family policy to parenting support: Parenting-related anxiety in Finnish family support projects.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>3. <strong>Castr\u00e9n, A-M.<\/strong> 2014. <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0011392114551650\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Insiders and outsiders in stepfamilies: Adults\u2019 and children\u2019s views on family boundaries.<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2>Second essay: Parents, parenting and child rearing<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/AvoinYliopisto_Turku_032.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"incolumn alignnone wp-image-7556 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/AvoinYliopisto_Turku_032-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Mother and child\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/AvoinYliopisto_Turku_032-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/AvoinYliopisto_Turku_032-768x513.jpg 768w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/AvoinYliopisto_Turku_032-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/AvoinYliopisto_Turku_032-252x168.jpg 252w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/AvoinYliopisto_Turku_032-522x348.jpg 522w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/AvoinYliopisto_Turku_032-792x529.jpg 792w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/11\/AvoinYliopisto_Turku_032-1062x709.jpg 1062w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>For the second essay, you should collect e.g., during a month, news and articles from papers and magazines, which consider family and parenting issues and child rearing. Then you should explore from the data you collected, how beliefs, attitudes and views, presented in the data, proportionate to scientific knowledge. You can utilize your studies of scientific research methods, if you have performed them. You will do a small study in this task, which is based on literature described under. Please, choose 4 articles and use that literature in your essay (10 pages, (the cover and the tables of content and bibliography not included in this number). Write your essay according to given essay instructions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Literature (choose 4 articles):<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. Sorkkila, M., &amp; Aunola, K. 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/jyx.jyu.fi\/handle\/123456789\/65815\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Risk factors for parental burnout among Finnish parents: The role of socially prescribed perfectionism.<\/a> Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29 (3), 648\u2013659.<\/p>\n<p>2. <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0022219411410290\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Niemi, P., Nurmi, J.-E., Lyyra, A.-L., Lerkkanen, M.-K., Lepola, J., Poskiparta, E., &amp; Poikkeus, A.-M. 2011. Task avoidance, number skills and parental learning difficulties as predictors of poor response to instruction.<\/a> Journal of Learning Disabilities, 44, 459\u2013471.<\/p>\n<p>3. Lankinen, V., L\u00e4hteenm\u00e4ki, M., Kaljonen, A. &amp; Korpilahti, P. 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/03004430.2018.1557160\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Father\u2013child activities and paternal attitudes in early child language development: the STEPS study.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>4. Neitola, M. 2018. <a href=\"https:\/\/jecer.org\/fi\/parents-as-teachers-and-guides-of-their-childrens-social-skills\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Parents as teachers and guides of their children\u2019s social skills.<\/a> Journal of Early Childhood Education Research 7(2), 392\u2013414.<\/p>\n<p>5. L\u00e4hteenm\u00e4ki, M., Hakyemez-Paul, S. &amp; Pihlaja, P. 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/03004430.2017.1412956\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Formal and informal sources of paternal support in early parenthood. Early Child Development and Care.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>6. Malinen, K., R\u00f6nk\u00e4, A., Sev\u00f3n, E., &amp; Schoebi, D. 2017. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/10852352.2016.1198121?journalCode=wpic20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The difficulty of being a professional, a parent, and a spouse on the same day: Daily spillover of workplace interactions on parenting, and the role of spousal support.<\/a> Journal of Prevention and Intervention in the Community, 45 (3), 156\u2013167.<\/p>\n<p>7. Ristikari. T., Merikukka, M. &amp; Hakovirta, M. 2018. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.llcsjournal.org\/index.php\/llcs\/article\/view\/471?acceptCookies=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The significance of timing and duration of social assistance receipt during childhood on early adult outcomes.<\/a> Longitudinal and Life Course Studies 9(3), 312\u2013326.<\/p>\n<p>8. Beckmeyer, J. J. et al. 2020. <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/fare.12412\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Family management practices and positive youth development in stepfamilies and single\u2010mother families.<\/a> Family Relations, 69(1), 92\u2013108.<\/p>\n<p>9. R\u00f6nk\u00e4, A., Malinen, K., Mets\u00e4pelto, R.-L., Laakso, M.-L., Sev\u00f3n, E., &amp; Verhoef-van Dorp, M. 2017. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0190740916304479?via%3Dihub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Parental working time patterns and children&#8217;s socioemotional well-being: Comparing working parents in Finland, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands.<\/a> Children and Youth Services Review, 76, 133\u2013141.<\/p>\n<p>10. Sev\u00f3n, E. 2015. <a href=\"https:\/\/journals.uvic.ca\/index.php\/ijcyfs\/article\/view\/15049\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Who&#8217;s Got the Power?: Young Children&#8217;s Power and Agency in the Child-Parent Relationship.<\/a> International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies, 6 (4\u20131), 622\u2013645.<\/p>\n<p>11. Hakyemez-Paul, S., Pihlaja, P. &amp; Silvennoinen, H. 2018. <a href=\"https:\/\/jecer.org\/factors-affecting-early-childhood-educators-views-practices-parental-involvement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Factors affecting early childhood educators\u2019 views and practices of parental involvement.<\/a> Journal of Early Childhood Education Research.<\/p>\n<p>12. Or other scientific articles you can find (not older than 10 years).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Third essay: Cooperation with a family<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/04\/0004.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"incolumn alignnone wp-image-1531 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/04\/0004-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"Co-operation meeting\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/04\/0004-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/04\/0004-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/04\/0004-252x168.jpg 252w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/04\/0004-522x348.jpg 522w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/04\/0004-792x528.jpg 792w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/04\/0004-1062x708.jpg 1062w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/04\/0004.jpg 1349w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>In the last essay of the course, you study cooperation with a family and homes. As a teacher you meet and interact with many and many kinds of families and homes. Cooperation with parents and guardians is necessary to support children\u2019s learning and parental child rearing. Cooperation is also statutory for professionals.<\/p>\n<p>Firstly, you should familiarize with Finnish National curriculums (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.oph.fi\/en\/education-system\/early-childhood-education-and-care-finland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Early childhood, education and care<\/a>;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.oph.fi\/en\/statistics-and-publications\/publications\/new-national-core-curriculum-basic-education-focus-school\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Basic Education<\/a>)<br \/>\nSecondly, you draw up the essay in which you examine the significance of the cooperation with the homes and families from the point of view of the child&#8217;s growth and learning. You can go deeply into the challenges of the cooperation and finding solutions to them, or concentrate on positive and functional cooperation.<\/p>\n<p>You can also choose cooperation in special education for your issue and examine what kind of issues and premises are essential in that. You may also create and develop the model of the cooperation \u2013 such as you see it. You can define your subject yourself and provide it with a heading and then write an essay of 10 pages (based on the literature under, the cover and the tables of content and bibliography not included in this number, according to given essay instructions). Choose 4 articles from the list, and you can also use other articles you have found.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Literature (choose 4 articles):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. Curriculums and laws concerning education and cooperation in it<\/p>\n<p>2. Hakyemez-Paul, S., Pihlaja, P. &amp; Silvennoinen, H. 2018. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/1350293X.2018.1442042\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Parental involvement in Finnish day care \u2013 what do early childhood educators say?<\/a> European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 26 (2).<\/p>\n<p>3. Vlasov, J. &amp; Hujala, E. 2017. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/1350293X.2017.1356536\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Parent-teacher co-operation in early childhood education \u2013 Directors\u2019 views to changes in the USA, Russia, and Finland.<\/a> European Early Childhood Education Research Journal (EECERJ), 25(5), 732\u2013746.<\/p>\n<p>4. Uusim\u00e4ki, L., Yngvesson, T. E., Garvis, S. &amp; Harju-Luukkainen, H. 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/332014567_Parental_Involvement_in_ECEC_in_Finland_and_in_Sweden\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Parental Involvement in ECEC in Finland and in Sweden<\/a>. In S. Garvis et al. (eds.), Nordic Families, Children and Early Childhood Education, Studies in Childhood and Youth.<\/p>\n<p>5. Heiskanen, N. et. al. 2019. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/00313831.2019.1650825\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Intertextual Voices of Children, Parents, and Specialists in Individual Education Plans.<\/a> Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 36\u201353.<\/p>\n<p>6. Alasuutari, M. 2010. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/13502931003784545\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Striving at partnership: parent\u2013practitioner relationships in Finnish early educators&#8217; talk.<\/a> European Early Childhood Education Research Journal.<\/p>\n<p>7. Orell, M. &amp; Pihlaja, P. <a href=\"https:\/\/researchportal.helsinki.fi\/en\/publications\/cooperation-between-home-and-school-in-the-finnish-core-curriculu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cooperation between home and school in the Finnish Core Curriculum 2014.<\/a> Nordic Studies in Education 2020; 2: 107\u2013128.<\/p>\n<p>8. Kikas, E., Poikonen, P.-L, Kontoniemi, M., Niilo, A., Lyyra, A.-L., &amp; Lerkkanen, M.-K. 2011. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jyu.fi\/edupsy\/fi\/laitokset\/psykologia\/tutkimus\/tutkimusalueet\/motivaatio-ja-oppiminen\/alkuportaat\/en\/the-first-steps-study\/right\/activities\/copy_of_publications\/copy_of_collaboration#Kikas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mutal trust between kindergarten teacher and mother and its relations with family characteristics in Estonia and Finland.<\/a> Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 55 (1), 23\u201337.<\/p>\n<p>9. Lerkkanen, M-K., Kikas, E., Pakarinen, E., Poikonen, P-L &amp; Nurmi, J-E (in press). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jyu.fi\/edupsy\/fi\/laitokset\/psykologia\/tutkimus\/tutkimusalueet\/motivaatio-ja-oppiminen\/alkuportaat\/en\/the-first-steps-study\/right\/activities\/copy_of_publications\/copy_of_collaboration#Lerkkanen,%20M-K.,%20Kikas,%20E.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mothers\u2019 Trust Toward Teachers in Relation to Teaching Practices. Early Childhood Research Quarterly.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>10. R\u00e4ty, H., Kasanen, K., &amp; Laine, N. 2009. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/00313830902917352\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Parents\u2019 participation in their child\u2019s schooling.<\/a> Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 53(3), 277\u2013293.<\/p>\n<p>11. Widding, G. 2012. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/10476210.2013.786896\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Practices in home-school cooperation \u2013 a gendered story?<\/a> Teaching Education 24(2), 209\u2013221.<\/p>\n<p>12. Thompson, I., Willemse, M., Mutton, T., Burn, K. &amp; De Br\u00fcine, E. 2018. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/02607476.2018.1465621\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Teacher Education and Family-School Partnerships in Different Contexts: A cross Country Analysis of National Teacher Education Frameworks Across a Range of European Countries.<\/a> Journal of Education for Teaching.<\/p>\n<p>13. Alanko, A. 2018. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/323028951_Alanko_A_2018_Preparing_pre-service_teachers_for_home-school_cooperation_-_exploring_Finnish_teacher_education_programmes_Journal_of_Education_for_Teaching_Special_Issue_441_Published_in_February_2018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Preparing Pre-service Teachers for Home-School Cooperation \u2013 Exploring Finnish Teacher education programmes. <\/a>Journal of Education for Teaching, 44(3), 321\u2013332.<\/p>\n<p>14. Averill, R., Metson, A. &amp; Bailey, S. 2016. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nzcer.org.nz\/nzcerpress\/curriculum-matters\/articles\/enhancing-parental-involvement-student-learning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Enhancing Parental Involvement in Student Learning.<\/a> Curriculum Matters, 12, 109\u2013131.<\/p>\n<p>15. B\u00f6\u00f6k, M. L. &amp; Per\u00e4l\u00e4-Littunen, S. 2015. <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/chso.12099\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Responsability in Home-School Relations: Finnish Parents Views.<\/a> Children and Society, 29(6), 615\u2013625.<\/p>\n<p>16. Epstein, J. L. 2013. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1080\/10476210.2013.786887\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Foreword: Ready or not? Preparing Future Educators for School, Family and Community Partnerships.<\/a> Teaching Education, 24(2), 115\u2013118.<\/p>\n<p>17. Helg\u00f8y, I. &amp; Homme, A. 2017. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/20020317.2017.1343625\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Increasing Parental Participation at School Level: A &#8217;Citizen to serve&#8217; or a &#8217;customer to steer&#8217;?<\/a> Nordic Journal of Studies in Educational Policy.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/03\/kirjoja.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-883 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/03\/kirjoja-300x168.jpg\" alt=\"Books on the shelf.\" width=\"300\" height=\"168\" srcset=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/03\/kirjoja-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/03\/kirjoja-252x141.jpg 252w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/03\/kirjoja.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/tietokone.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2184 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/tietokone-300x239.jpg\" alt=\"Student at the computer.\" width=\"300\" height=\"239\" srcset=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/tietokone-300x239.jpg 300w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/tietokone-252x200.jpg 252w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2014\/09\/tietokone.jpg 439w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/06\/kirjoittaa_pixabay.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-3366 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/06\/kirjoittaa_pixabay-300x177.jpg\" alt=\"Writing notes\" width=\"300\" height=\"177\" srcset=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/06\/kirjoittaa_pixabay-300x177.jpg 300w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/06\/kirjoittaa_pixabay-252x149.jpg 252w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/06\/kirjoittaa_pixabay-522x308.jpg 522w, https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/06\/kirjoittaa_pixabay.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is a essay? An essay is a short piece of writing on a topic related to the course, where you have selected the approach and for which you have gotten the teacher\u2019s approval. An essay is not a thesis and it does not have to create new knowledge on the topic but show expertise &#8230; <a title=\"Essay topics and literature\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/2014\/11\/21\/ohjeet-opiskeluun-2\/\" aria-label=\"Lue lis\u00e4\u00e4 aiheesta Essay topics and literature\">Lue lis\u00e4\u00e4<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":883,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16604","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yleinen"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16604","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16604"}],"version-history":[{"count":26,"href":"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16604\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17129,"href":"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16604\/revisions\/17129"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/883"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16604"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16604"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/utu.onedu.fi\/verkkojulkaisut\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16604"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}